Showing posts with label effect. Show all posts
Showing posts with label effect. Show all posts
Friday, March 3, 2017
Excessive Talking as a Potential Methylphenidate Side Effect
Excessive Talking as a Potential Methylphenidate Side Effect
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana) is one of the most common stimulant medications prescribed for ADHD. However, there have been several questions as to its side effects. Studies have been conducted on the effects of methylphenidate which include excessive talking, cardiac abnormalities, hallucinations, bruxism (teeth grinding), movement disorders, psychotic and manic-like symptoms, appetite suppression, and temporary weight and growth reduction.
Please note, however, that this list above is not meant to scare anyone off of this medication. While some side effects appear to be relatively common and well-grounded (such as appetite suppression and temporary growth impairment), many of these side effects are relatively rare, and the results are often based on isolated studies with poor reproducibility. To be fair, methylphenidate has been subject to a number of tests, with the vast majority supporting the claim that it is a relatively safe medication (provided one uses it appropriately as prescribed).
Furthermore, previous entries of this blog have dismissed the notion that methylphenidate carries an addiction potential on the level of cocaine or illegal amphetamines (a claim often erroneously made by many of the anti-medication crowd. Keep in mind that I personally do share many of the same concerns of these groups, but likening a controlled prescription drug with multiple addiction-reducing features to illegal street drugs is both irresponsible and does the overall argument on ADHD medication concerns a disservice in my opinion). Nevertheless, some of the above associations, while limited in scope and supporting data, do seem intriguing. For this post, I would like to briefly assess the results of the first unusual side effect of methylphenidate on the list, the surprising link between methylphenidate and excessive talking.
Before we proceed, we must bear in mind that this association is based on a single case report, and not a controlled clinical study. For those unfamiliar with the differences between the two, a case report is essentially a report of one (or a few) individuals, who exhibit particular symptoms, often in response to a particular medication or treatment strategy. While these reports lack the statistical power and overall scientific magnitude when compared to tightly-controlled clinical studies involving large sample sizes, we should not be quick to dismiss these findings. Individual anomalies, while often statistically small, do offer insight into some of the idiosyncrasies of medication and other forms of treatment, and involve real individuals (who are often in a more "natural" setting than those in clinical trials).
Given the recent advances in genetic studies and innovations in imaging and computational power, we appear to be at the dawn of a medical revolution, in which medication and treatment plans are becoming increasingly tailored towards individuals rather than groups or the general population. I personally believe that because of this general trend, individual case studies will begin to carry more weight and validity among the medical community than they have previously.
While not my intention to digress from the topic of todays post on methylphenidate and excessive talking, I did want to state some of the potential implications of the data accumulated from one particular individual. With regards to the study, here were some of the key findings and observations:
- The case involves a 5-year old Iranian boy who was prescribed methylphenidate (10 mg per day) for extreme hyperactivity and impulsive behavior, two key symptoms of ADHD. Treatment with this dose of methylphenidate produced significant improvements in both impulsivity and hyperactivity.
- Approximately 45 minutes after taking the medication, both parents and teacher reported a sharp increase in excessive talking. These results continued for 3-4 hours, which approximates the duration of effectiveness of methylphenidate (immediate release formula).
- Most interestingly, perhaps, was the apparently direct association between methylphenidate intake and hyper-talkative behavior. The study reported that methylphenidate treatment stopped and was reintroduced on over 20 different occasions within a 7 month period. In all 20 plus cases, the hyper-talkative behavior resumed when methylphenidate treatment was reintroduced. The magnitude of the difference, between talking behavior on and off the medication, while subjective, was significantly pronounced. On a 1-10 scale (done by parents and teachers, with 10 being the highest), the childs talking was around a 2-3 when off the medication and a 7-9 while on it. This extremely high frequency of association and pronounced behavioral differences between methylphenidate and excessive talking strongly attributes the abnormal behavior to the medication.
- The study gives several potential explanations for this association between behavior and medication. For example, methylphenidate, which regulates free dopamine levels and dopamine-related neural function, was shown to regulate word production in individuals with schizophrenia.
- Additionally, methylphenidate has been used to restore talking in patients treated with anesthesia.
- Finally, methylphenidate has been shown to effect the striatal region of the brain (see below, original file source here), which has a regulatory effect on cognitive motor functions, including talking patterns.
The striatum region of the brain (shown in green in the figure above), which has been shown to have a response to methylpenidate, and may be an underlying reason for the connection between methylphenidate and excessive talking.As mentioned above, we should obviously not put too much stock into one case study on the potential connection between the unusual side effect of excessive talking in response to methylphenidate. However, based on the severity and consistency of the association for the individual and the underlying theoretical basis of the association based on the results of other studies, we should not overlook the observations of this particular study. Furthermore, given the effectiveness of methylphenidate for reducing hyperactive and impulsive ADHD symptoms for this particular child, the fact that excessive talking behaviors (which can be a sign of ADHD-based impulse control problems) suggest the possibility that the methylphenidate treatment may have an effect on shifting the outward expression of symptoms of an underlying ADHD condition such as impulsivity. As a result, a number of questions should be raised on the basis of this study.
Available link for download
Sunday, February 26, 2017
Monday, February 20, 2017
Facebook Like Box with Hover Effect for Blogger
Facebook Like Box with Hover Effect for Blogger
Before explaining this tutorial i would like to say thanks to all our readers for your support and contributions since last 2 years, Thanks also to everyone who has helped this blog in other ways, with suggestions, technical support, information and many other things. Now come up to tutorial, In our previous post we will teach you about how to add Facebook like box into blogger blog and today now we are sharing another 2 Facebook Subscription widget for blogger or website. Here I have added as the box with simple jQuery hover effect. Lets see below tutorial to add them into your blog or website.
Adding Static Facebook Pop Out Like Box Widget To Blogger layout...Now lets start adding it. Just follow below producer.
Before adding these code please replace pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583 with your Facebook fan page URL.
Before adding these code please replace pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583 with your Facebook fan page URL.
Customization: These widget only shows up the first time the user visits your page. If you would like the Facebook box to popup everytime the page loads, then remove this line of code:
$.cookie(popup_user_login, yes, { path: /, expires: 7 });
If you are facing any error during adding above widgets into your blog or website then please leave your comment below, we will catch you back as soon as possible.
Adding Static Facebook Pop Out Like Box Widget To Blogger layout...Now lets start adding it. Just follow below producer.
- Login to your Blogger Account.
- Click Layout > Add A Gadget.
- Select HTML/Javascript
- Then Paste The Following Code In content Box from one of code given below.
(Style I) Static Facebook Pop Out Like Box with Hover Effect
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
img, a { border: 0; }
#on { visibility: visible; }
#off { visibility: hidden; }
#facebook_div { width: 196px;
height: 340px;
overflow: hidden; }
#facebook_right {
z-index: 10005;
border: 2px solid #3c95d9;
background-color: #fff;
width: 196px;
height: 353px;
position: fixed;
right: -200px; }
#facebook_right img {
position: absolute;
top: -2px;
left: -35px; }
#facebook_right iframe {
border: 0px solid #3c95d9;
overflow: hidden;
position: static;
height: 360px;
left: -2px;
top: -3px; }
#facebook_left {
z-index: 10005;
border: 2px solid #3c95d9;
background-color: #fff;
width: 196px;
height: 353px;
position: fixed;
left: -200px; }
#facebook_left img {
position: absolute;
top: -2px;
right: -35px; }
#facebook_left iframe {
border: 0px solid #3c95d9;
overflow: hidden;
position: static;
height: 360px;
right: -2px;
top: -3px; }
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready(function () {
jQuery("#facebook_right").hover(function () {
jQuery(this)
.stop(true, false)
.animate({ right: 0 }, 500); }, function () {
jQuery("#facebook_right")
.stop(true, false) .animate({ right: -200 }, 500); });
});
</script> <br /> <div id="on"> <a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%; top: 0px;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="Indian Education Blog"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="Indian Education Blog" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; left: 0%;" /></a><div id="facebook_right" style="top: 10%;">
<div id="facebook_div">
<img alt=""
src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi91dX6QW8GyEve-3ZiBKRP8hWIUOGt9vbt3pFUbX7ZsUJi-24J0GgV_411HuljyMiBOSSiM3dbhyphenhyphen9g-MknyAli0i22Va2Xos1NUDvY6nujOQII2Yushv5i5ewtWnASCcwcUZ_bDmyPlJdk/s1600/NBTfacebook_right.png" />
<iframe allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" src="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/likebox.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583&
width=200&
height=346&
colorscheme=light&
show_faces=true&
border_color&
stream=false&
header=false" style="border: none;
height: 346px;
overflow: hidden;
width: 200px;">
</iframe>
</div>
</div></div>
<style type="text/css">
img, a { border: 0; }
#on { visibility: visible; }
#off { visibility: hidden; }
#facebook_div { width: 196px;
height: 340px;
overflow: hidden; }
#facebook_right {
z-index: 10005;
border: 2px solid #3c95d9;
background-color: #fff;
width: 196px;
height: 353px;
position: fixed;
right: -200px; }
#facebook_right img {
position: absolute;
top: -2px;
left: -35px; }
#facebook_right iframe {
border: 0px solid #3c95d9;
overflow: hidden;
position: static;
height: 360px;
left: -2px;
top: -3px; }
#facebook_left {
z-index: 10005;
border: 2px solid #3c95d9;
background-color: #fff;
width: 196px;
height: 353px;
position: fixed;
left: -200px; }
#facebook_left img {
position: absolute;
top: -2px;
right: -35px; }
#facebook_left iframe {
border: 0px solid #3c95d9;
overflow: hidden;
position: static;
height: 360px;
right: -2px;
top: -3px; }
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready(function () {
jQuery("#facebook_right").hover(function () {
jQuery(this)
.stop(true, false)
.animate({ right: 0 }, 500); }, function () {
jQuery("#facebook_right")
.stop(true, false) .animate({ right: -200 }, 500); });
});
</script> <br /> <div id="on"> <a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%; top: 0px;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="Indian Education Blog"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="Indian Education Blog" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; left: 0%;" /></a><div id="facebook_right" style="top: 10%;">
<div id="facebook_div">
<img alt=""
src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi91dX6QW8GyEve-3ZiBKRP8hWIUOGt9vbt3pFUbX7ZsUJi-24J0GgV_411HuljyMiBOSSiM3dbhyphenhyphen9g-MknyAli0i22Va2Xos1NUDvY6nujOQII2Yushv5i5ewtWnASCcwcUZ_bDmyPlJdk/s1600/NBTfacebook_right.png" />
<iframe allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" src="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/likebox.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583&
width=200&
height=346&
colorscheme=light&
show_faces=true&
border_color&
stream=false&
header=false" style="border: none;
height: 346px;
overflow: hidden;
width: 200px;">
</iframe>
</div>
</div></div>
Before adding these code please replace pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583 with your Facebook fan page URL.
(Style II) Facebook Stylish Popup Widget with Lightbox Effect
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
#fanback {
display:none;
background:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
width:100%;
height:100%;
position:fixed;
top:0;
left:0;
z-index:99999;
}
#fan-exit {
width:100%;
height:100%;
}
#fanbox {
background:white;
width:420px;
height:270px;
position:absolute;
top:58%;
left:63%;
margin:-220px 0 0 -375px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
-moz-box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin: -220px 0 0 -375px;
}
#fanclose {
float:right;
cursor:pointer;
background:url(https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOy3aZwCTXiuK1mmXMPEknIlZJERW10isS4G4E53EiOefjH7-SevLWdO0jFio38YcxZob9MznVZB7qiVIlfQZaqVxTorWpzU7S1riM7TmgrVErEh69Xk-SzWHHnrIpSztFFXfpIxGYeKYB/s1600/fanclose.png) repeat;
height:15px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
padding-right:40px;
margin-top:-20px;
margin-right:-22px;
}
.remove-borda {
height:1px;
width:366px;
margin:0 auto;
background:#F3F3F3;
margin-top:16px;
position:relative;
margin-left:20px;
}
#linkit a.visited,#linkit a,#linkit a:hover {
color:#80808B;
font-size:10px;
margin: 0 auto 5px auto;
float:center;
}
</style> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[
jQuery.cookie = function (key, value, options) {
// key and at least value given, set cookie...
if (arguments.length > 1 && String(value) !== "[object Object]") {
options = jQuery.extend({}, options);
if (value === null || value === undefined) {
options.expires = -1;
}
if (typeof options.expires === number) {
var days = options.expires, t = options.expires = new Date();
t.setDate(t.getDate() + days);
}
value = String(value);
return (document.cookie = [
encodeURIComponent(key), =,
options.raw ? value : encodeURIComponent(value),
options.expires ? ; expires= + options.expires.toUTCString() : , // use expires attribute, max-age is not supported by IE options.path ? ; path= + options.path : ,
options.domain ? ; domain= + options.domain : ,
options.secure ? ; secure :
].join());
}
// key and possibly options given, get cookie...
options = value || {};
var result, decode = options.raw ? function (s) { return s; } : decodeURIComponent;
return (result = new RegExp((?:^|; ) + encodeURIComponent(key) + =([^;]*)).exec(document.cookie)) ? decode(result[1]) : null; };
//]]> </script><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%; top: 0px;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; left: 0%;" /></a> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function($){
if($.cookie(popup_user_login) != yes){
$(#fanback).delay(100).fadeIn(medium);
$(#fanclose, #fan-exit).click(function(){
$(#fanback).stop().fadeOut(medium);
});
}
$.cookie(popup_user_login, yes, { path: /, expires: 7 });
});
</script>
<div id=fanback>
<div id=fan-exit>
</div>
<div id=fanbox>
<div id=fanclose>
</div>
<div class=remove-borda>
</div>
<iframe allowtransparency=true frameborder=0 scrolling=no src=http://www.facebook.com/plugins/likebox.php?
href=http://www.facebook.com/pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583&width=402&height=255&colorscheme=light&show_faces=true&show_border=false&stream=false&header=false
style=border: none; overflow: hidden; margin-top: -19px; width: 402px; height: 230px;></iframe><center>
</center>
</div>
</div>
<style type="text/css">
#fanback {
display:none;
background:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
width:100%;
height:100%;
position:fixed;
top:0;
left:0;
z-index:99999;
}
#fan-exit {
width:100%;
height:100%;
}
#fanbox {
background:white;
width:420px;
height:270px;
position:absolute;
top:58%;
left:63%;
margin:-220px 0 0 -375px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
-moz-box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 50px 0 #939393;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin: -220px 0 0 -375px;
}
#fanclose {
float:right;
cursor:pointer;
background:url(https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOy3aZwCTXiuK1mmXMPEknIlZJERW10isS4G4E53EiOefjH7-SevLWdO0jFio38YcxZob9MznVZB7qiVIlfQZaqVxTorWpzU7S1riM7TmgrVErEh69Xk-SzWHHnrIpSztFFXfpIxGYeKYB/s1600/fanclose.png) repeat;
height:15px;
padding:20px;
position:relative;
padding-right:40px;
margin-top:-20px;
margin-right:-22px;
}
.remove-borda {
height:1px;
width:366px;
margin:0 auto;
background:#F3F3F3;
margin-top:16px;
position:relative;
margin-left:20px;
}
#linkit a.visited,#linkit a,#linkit a:hover {
color:#80808B;
font-size:10px;
margin: 0 auto 5px auto;
float:center;
}
</style> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[
jQuery.cookie = function (key, value, options) {
// key and at least value given, set cookie...
if (arguments.length > 1 && String(value) !== "[object Object]") {
options = jQuery.extend({}, options);
if (value === null || value === undefined) {
options.expires = -1;
}
if (typeof options.expires === number) {
var days = options.expires, t = options.expires = new Date();
t.setDate(t.getDate() + days);
}
value = String(value);
return (document.cookie = [
encodeURIComponent(key), =,
options.raw ? value : encodeURIComponent(value),
options.expires ? ; expires= + options.expires.toUTCString() : , // use expires attribute, max-age is not supported by IE options.path ? ; path= + options.path : ,
options.domain ? ; domain= + options.domain : ,
options.secure ? ; secure :
].join());
}
// key and possibly options given, get cookie...
options = value || {};
var result, decode = options.raw ? function (s) { return s; } : decodeURIComponent;
return (result = new RegExp((?:^|; ) + encodeURIComponent(key) + =([^;]*)).exec(document.cookie)) ? decode(result[1]) : null; };
//]]> </script><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%; top: 0px;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; right: 0%;" /></a><a href="http://things-guide.blogspot.com/" rel="dofollow" target="_blank" title="ThingsGuide"><img src="http://img1.blogblog.com/img/blank.gif" alt="ThingsGuide" border="0" style="position: fixed; bottom: 10%; left: 0%;" /></a> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function($){
if($.cookie(popup_user_login) != yes){
$(#fanback).delay(100).fadeIn(medium);
$(#fanclose, #fan-exit).click(function(){
$(#fanback).stop().fadeOut(medium);
});
}
$.cookie(popup_user_login, yes, { path: /, expires: 7 });
});
</script>
<div id=fanback>
<div id=fan-exit>
</div>
<div id=fanbox>
<div id=fanclose>
</div>
<div class=remove-borda>
</div>
<iframe allowtransparency=true frameborder=0 scrolling=no src=http://www.facebook.com/plugins/likebox.php?
href=http://www.facebook.com/pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583&width=402&height=255&colorscheme=light&show_faces=true&show_border=false&stream=false&header=false
style=border: none; overflow: hidden; margin-top: -19px; width: 402px; height: 230px;></iframe><center>
</center>
</div>
</div>
Before adding these code please replace pages/ThingsGuide/281417998619583 with your Facebook fan page URL.
Customization: These widget only shows up the first time the user visits your page. If you would like the Facebook box to popup everytime the page loads, then remove this line of code:
$.cookie(popup_user_login, yes, { path: /, expires: 7 });
If you are facing any error during adding above widgets into your blog or website then please leave your comment below, we will catch you back as soon as possible.
Available link for download
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